Proteins are the end products of the decoding ... This incredible array of functions derives from a startlingly simple code that specifies a hugely diverse set of structures.

Cyanobacteria began contributing oxygen to Earth's mostly noxious atmosphere more than 2 billion years ago. The photosystem ...

A protein engineering method using simple, cost-effective experiments ... Currently, most protein engineering experiments use ...

Two separate research teams have found ways to create short chains of amino acids, termed peptides, for the purpose of ...

By chemically building aged biomolecules like proteins and working to identify the 'tipping point' of when wear-and-tear irreparably impedes the function of chromatin and other complex cellular ...

Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed an AI-based platform that designs short proteins, termed peptides, capable of binding and destroying previously undruggable disease-causing ...

Animal products – meat, fish, dairy; plants – lentils, nuts, seeds; protein supplements and shakes. Carbohydrates Source of energy. Divided into: simple carbohydrates – sugars and complex ...