A few veins merge and drain into the IVC before it makes its way up to the heart: The left renal vein, the left adrenal vein, and left gonadal veins merge into the renal vein. On the right side ...

The men underwent left antecubital transbrachial gonadal-vein catheterization, which the authors prefer to transfemoral catheterization owing to its reduced complication rate, improved ...